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Introduction to Sequence Alignment

Explore how to compare two biological sequences through alignment methods that maximize matched symbols. Understand sequence differences caused by insertions and deletions and learn to find the best symbol correspondences to reveal similarities.

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Sequence alignment as a game

To simplify matters, we’ll compare only two sequences at a time, returning to multiple sequence comparison at the end of the chapter. The Hamming distance, which counts mismatches in two strings, rigidly assumes that we align the i-th symbol of one sequence against the i-th symbol of the other. However, since biological sequences are subject to insertions and ...