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Building Robust Object-Oriented Python Applications and Libraries

Demystifying the Magic

Explore how abstract base classes enforce method implementation, understand the role of metaclasses in class creation, and discover operator overloading to customize object behavior. This lesson helps you grasp key Python OOP mechanisms for building robust, extensible applications.

We'll cover the following...

We’ve covered various concepts in the previous lesson to grasp how we can create our own base classes. It’s clear they’re doing a lot of work for us. Let’s look inside the class to see some of what’s going on:

Python 3.10.4
from Dice import Die
print(Die.__abstractmethods__)
print(Die.roll.__isabstractmethod__)

In the Dice.py file, the abstract method, roll(), is tracked in a specially named attribute, __abstractmethods__, of the class. This suggests what the @abc.abstractmethod decorator does. Then in the main.py file, this decorator sets __isabstractmethod__ to mark the method. When Python finally builds the class from the various methods and attributes, the list of abstractions is also collected to create a class-level set of methods that must be implemented.

Any subclass that extends ...