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C++ Fundamentals for Professionals

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Explore how to implement partial and full specializations of C++ class templates to manage different data types effectively. This lesson reviews template solutions that return specific types for int, double, Account, string, and pointers, while highlighting how unspecified types like float default to unknown. Gain a clear understanding of template specialization to enhance code flexibility and reuse.

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Solution Review #

C++
// Template Types
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class Account{};
template<typename T>
struct Type{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "unknown";
  }
};
template<typename T>
struct Type<T*>{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "pointer";
  }
};
template<typename T>
struct Type<const T>{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "const";
  }
};
template<>
struct Type<int>{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "int";
  }
};
template<>
struct Type<double>{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "double";
  }
};
template<>
struct Type<std::string>{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "std::string";
  }
};
template<>
struct Type<Account>{
  std::string getName() const {
    return "Account";
  }
};
int main(){
  std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::endl;
  Type<float> tFloat;
  std::cout << "tFloat.getName(): " << tFloat.getName() << std::endl;
  
  Type<const float> tConstFloat;
  std::cout << "tConstFloat.getName(): " << tConstFloat.getName() << std::endl;
   
  Type<float*> tFloatPointer;
  std::cout << "tFloatPointer.getName(): " << tFloatPointer.getName() << std::endl;
   
  Type<double> tDouble;
  std::cout << "tDouble.getName(): " << tDouble.getName() << std::endl;
  Type<std::string> tString;
  std::cout << "tString.getName(): " << tString.getName() << std::endl;
  Type<int> tInt;
  std::cout << "tInt.getName(): " << tInt.getName() << std::endl;
  Type<Account> tAccount;
  std::cout << "tAccount.getName(): " << tAccount.getName() << std::endl;
  std::cout << std::endl;
}

Explanation

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