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C++ Fundamentals for Professionals

Vectors

Explore the use of std::vector in C++, focusing on its dynamic resizing, memory handling through size and capacity methods, and safe element access. Understand how to construct, modify, and manage vectors effectively as part of sequential containers.

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std::vector is a homogeneous container, for which it’s length can be adjusted at runtime. std::vector needs the header <vector>. As it stores its elements contiguously in memory, std::vector supports pointer arithmetic.

C++
for (int i= 0; i < vec.size(); ++i){
  std::cout << vec[i] == *(vec + i) << std::endl; // true
}

Make sure to distinguish the round and curly braces in the creation of an std::vector

If we construct a std::vector, we mustkeep a few things in mind. The constructor with round braces in the following example creates an std::vector with a capacity of 10 elements, while the constructor with curly braces creates an std::vector with the element 10.

std::vector<int> vec(10);
std::vector<int> vec{10};

The same rules hold true for the expressions std::vector<int>(10, 2011) ...