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Solution: Sort Colors

Explore the Dutch National Flag algorithm to sort an array representing colors 0, 1, and 2 in place. Learn to implement a one-pass, constant space solution using three pointers to separate colors efficiently without built-in sorting functions.

Statement

You are given an array nums of length n, where each element represents an object colored either red, white, or blue. The integers 01, and 2 are used to represent red, white, and blue, respectively.

Sort the array in place so that all objects of the same color are grouped together, arranged in the order: red (0), white (1), and blue (2).

You must solve this problem without using any library sort function. ...