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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in JavaScript

Solution: Sum of All Subset XOR Totals

Explore how to compute the sum of XOR totals of all subsets in an integer array by applying bitwise OR and left-shift operations. Understand the role of binary representation and subset properties to solve this problem efficiently without enumerating all subsets.

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Statement

Given an array of integers, nums, compute and return the sum of XOR totals for all its possible subsets.

  • A subset is any combination of elements from the original array, nums. This includes the empty subset (containing no elements) and the subset that includes all array elements.

  • The XOR total of a subset results from applying the XOR operation to all the elements in that subset.

Note: If the nums array has duplicate elements, then ...