Island Perimeter

Understand how to determine the perimeter of an island represented in a grid matrix by identifying connected land cells and their boundaries. This lesson helps you apply matrix traversal skills and logical reasoning to solve perimeter calculation problems efficiently, preparing you for related coding interview questions.

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Statement

You are given a grid with dimensions row x col, where each cell represents either land (grid[i][j] = 1) or water (grid[i][j] = 0). The grid satisfies the following conditions:

Cells are connected only horizontally or vertically (not diagonally).
The grid is surrounded by water and contains exactly one island, consisting of one or more connected land cells.
The island has no lakes, meaning no water is enclosed within the island that connects to the surrounding water.
The grid is rectangular, and each cell is a square with a side length 1.

Your task is to calculate the perimeter of the island.

Constraints:

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