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Problem: Maximum Depth of Binary Tree

Explore how to determine the maximum depth of a binary tree by using a recursive depth-first search method. Understand the step-by-step solution, including base cases and subtree comparisons, and analyze the linear time and space complexity involved in traversing every node in the tree.

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Statement

Given the root of a binary tree, return its maximum depth.

The maximum depth of a binary tree is defined as the number of nodes along the longest path from the root node down to the farthest leaf node.

Note: A leaf node is a node with no children.

Constraints:

  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0,104][0, 10^4].

  • −100≤-100 \leq ...