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DIY: Time Needed to Inform All Employees

Understand how to model a company's communication as a tree structure and apply efficient algorithms to calculate the total time needed to inform all employees from the head to every subordinate. This lesson guides you through implementing a function that determines the minutes required for urgent message delivery using direct manager relationships and individual informing times.

Problem statement

A company has n employees, and each employee has a unique ID from 0 to n - 1. The ID of the head of the company is head_id.

Each employee has one direct manager given in the manager array. In the manager array, manager[i] is the direct manager of the i-th employee, ...