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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in Python

Solution: Count Subarrays With Fixed Bounds

Understand how to apply the two-pointer technique to count subarrays within an array where the smallest and largest values match given bounds. This lesson guides you through tracking positions of minK, maxK, and invalid elements to efficiently compute the number of valid fixed-bound subarrays in a single pass.

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Statement

Given an integer array, nums, and two integers minK and maxK, return the number of fixed-bound subarrays.

A subarray in nums is called a fixed-bound subarray if it satisfies the following conditions:

  1. The smallest value in the subarray equals minK.

  2. The largest value in the subarray equals maxK.

Note: A subarray is a contiguous sequence of elements within an array.

Constraints:

  • 2≤2 \leq nums.length ≤103\leq 10^{3} ...